Bututun baƙin ƙarfe marar walda na austenitic
(304, 304L, 316, 316L, 321, 321H, 347, 347H, 309S, 310S, 904L)
Bututun baƙin ƙarfe ferritic mara ɗinki
(409, 430, 439, 441, 444)
Bututun baƙin ƙarfe marar walda na austenitic
(410 / SUS410, 420 / SUS420, 430F, 440A, 440B, 440C)
Bututun baƙin ƙarfe mara ɗinki mai matakai biyu
(2205, 2304, 2507, S32760)
Ana nuna sakamakon daga 1 zuwa 9 na 18
Menene bambance-bambancen tsakanin bututun mara ɗinki da bututun da aka walda?
1. Bayyanar ta bambanta. Bututun mara ɗinki ana samar da su ne ta hanyar nade su a cikin tsari guda ɗaya, suna da saman mara ɗinki da kyakkyawan aiki. Yayin da bututun da aka walƙa ke da ƙwayoyin walda a bangon ciki kuma sai a nade su sannan a walƙa su.
2. Matsin ya bambanta. Bututun da ba a haɗa ba suna da matsin lamba mafi girma, yayin da bututun da aka walda suke da matsin lamba na 10 MPa.
3. Tsarin ya bambanta. An yi bututun da aka walƙa ne ta hanyar juyawa a sanyi da walƙa mai yawan mitar, kuma ana amfani da su sosai a gine-gine, yayin da ake rarraba bututun marasa walƙa zuwa na juyawa a zafi da na juyawa a sanyi, kuma ana amfani da su sosai a masana'antu.
Menene tsarin samar da bututun SS marasa ɗinki?
Tsarin samar da bututun bakin ƙarfe mara ɗinki ya ƙunshi matakai masu zuwa: ingot ɗin bututu mai zagaye → dumama → huda → juyawa da silinda uku, juyawa mai ci gaba ko matsawa → warware zaren ƙarfe → daidaita girman diamita (ko rage diamita) → sanyaya → daidaita bututu → gwajin hydrostatic (ko gano lahani) → sanya alama → ajiya. An yi bututun ƙarfe marasa ɗinki ne ta hanyar huda ingot na ƙarfe ko guntun bututu mai ƙarfi don samar da bututu na farko, sannan a bi ta hanyar nade mai zafi, nade mai sanyi ko jan sanyi don kammala shi.
An rarraba bututun ƙarfe marasa ɗinki gaba ɗaya zuwa: bututun ƙarfe marasa ɗinki da aka nannade a zafi, bututun ƙarfe marasa ɗinki da aka ja a sanyi, da bututun ƙarfe marasa ɗinki da aka nannade a sanyi.
Wadanne takardun bayani za a iya samu lokacin sayen bututun bakin ƙarfe mara ɗinki?
1. An rarraba bisa kayan da aka yi da shi
• Karfe mai carbon: Jiragen karfe na gama gari sun haɗa da 10#, 20#, 35#, 45#, da sauransu; ƙayyadaddun bayanai yawanci suna daga inci 1/2 zuwa inci 24, tare da kaurin bango daga mm 2 zuwa mm 30. Misali, ana amfani da ƙarfe 20# sosai a tsarin injiniya da tsarin hydraulic.
• Karfe mai haɗe-haɗe: Kamar 16Mn da sauransu, ƙayyadaddunsu sun yi kama da na karfe mai carbon (1/2 – 24 inci, kaurin bango 2 – 30 mm), ana amfani da su mafi yawa wajen jigilar ruwa mai matsin lamba mai ƙarfi a mai da iskar gas.
• Karfe mara tsatsa: Kamar 304, 316, da sauransu; ƙayyadaddun girma sune inci 1/8 – 30, kaurin bango mm 1 – 40, ya dace da masana'antu masu buƙatun hana tsatsa irin su abinci da magunguna.
2. An rarraba su bisa amfani
• Bututu marasa ɗinki don amfani a gine-gine: Kamar Q345B, da sauransu; diamita na waje 6 – 1020 mm, kaurin bango 1 – 150 mm, ana amfani da su sosai wajen tallafawa a tsarin gine-gine.
• Bututun mara ɗinki don jigilar ruwa: Kamar 20#, Q235, da sauransu; diamita na waje 21.3–1020 mm, kaurin bango 2.5–60 mm, ana amfani da su wajen jigilar ruwa, mai, iskar gas, da sauransu.
• Bututun mara ɗinki don fashewar mai: Kamar J55, K55, N80, da sauransu; diamita na waje 21.3–530 mm, kaurin bango 2.5–60 mm, an ƙera su musamman don raka'o'in fashewar mai.
3. Misalan ƙayyadaddun bayanai na gama gari don bututun ƙarfe marasa ɗinki da aka nade da zafi
Haɗuwar diamita na waje da kaurin bango sun bambanta, kamar 38×(4, 5, 6, 8, 10) da 42×(3.5, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12), da sauransu.
Ta yaya ake ƙididdige girman bututun bakin ƙarfe mara ɗinki?
Ta yaya ake ƙididdige nauyin bututu da tiubai marasa ɗinki?
Babban ƙa'ida: W = (D – t) × t × 0.02466, inda D = diamita na waje (mm), t = kaurin bango (mm).
Jimillar nauyi: Nauyi a kowane mita × Tsayi (m) = Jimillar nauyi (kg).
An samo ƙimar 0.02466 daga ƙarfin nauyin ƙarfe na 7850 kg/m³, π, da sauyin ƙima.
A madadin haka, ana iya ƙididdige shi kai tsaye ta amfani da ƙa'idar lissafin ƙarfin: W = π × (D – t) × t × L × ρ / 1000.
Menene ƙa'idodin gama gari don bututun bakin ƙarfe marasa ɗinki?
Shin ya fi kyau bututun mara ɗinki ya kasance da kaurin bango mafi kauri?
A'a
Shin ana iya sarrafa bututun ba tare da ɗinki ba?
Eh
Menene bangare da aka fi yawan watsi da shi lokacin sayen bututun bakin ƙarfe mara ɗinki mai inganci?
Jerin tabbatarwa na asali kafin siyan bututun baƙin ƙarfe marasa ɗinki na Kamfanin JBLstainless
Samfuri + Ka'ida + Diamita na Waje + Kaurin Bangon + Tsayi + Adadi + Maganin Sama + Bukatun Bincike + Hanyar Marufi + Takardar Shaidar MTC
Bututun bakin ƙarfe mara ɗinki da ya dace da —- sunayen alamomin ƙasashen waje
| Ka'idar ƙasa ta Sin (GB/T 20878) | Ma'aunin Amurka (AISI/ASTM) | Lambar UNS | Ka'idodin Masana'antu na Japan (JIS) | Ka'idar Jamus (EN/W-Nr) | Amfani na al'ada |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 06Cr19Ni10(sabon) / 0Cr18Ni9 (na baya) | 304 | S30400 | Karfe mara tsatsa 304 | X5CrNi18-10 (1.4301) | Gumaka, Abinci da Kayan Kimiyya |
| 022Cr19Ni10 (sabon) / 00Cr19Ni10 (na baya) | 304L | S30403 | SUS 304L | X2CrNi18-9 (1.4307) | Sassan da aka walda, hana tsatsa tsakanin ƙwayoyin |
| 06Cr17Ni12Mo2 (sabon) / 0Cr17Ni12Mo2 (na baya) | 316 | S31600 | Karfe mara tsatsa 316 | X5CrNiMo17-12-2 (1.4401) | Muhalli na teku, muhallin da aka ƙara sinadarin klorin |
| 022Cr17Ni12Mo2 (sabon) / 00Cr17Ni14Mo2 (na baya) | 316L | S31603 | SUS 316L | X2CrNiMo17-12-2 (1.4404) | Tsarin walda mai juriya ga tsatsa sosai |
| 06Cr25Ni20 (sabon) / 0Cr25Ni20 (na baya) | 310S | S31008 | SUS 310S | X8CrNi25-21 (1.4845) | Bututun murhu na zafin gaske, sassa masu jure zafi |
| 06Cr18Ni11Ti | 321 | S32100 | SUS 321 | X6CrNiTi18-10 (1.4541) | Bututun hana-sassauci na zafin-jiki mai girma |
| 06Cr18Ni11Nb | 347 | S34700 | SUS 347 | X6CrNiNb18-10 (1.4550) | Sassan ɗaukar matsin lamba na zafin jiki mai girma |
| 022Cr23Ni5Mo3N | 2205 | S32205/S31803 | SUS 329J4L | X2CrNiMoN22-5-3 (1.4462) | Karatun ƙarfe mai matakai biyu, juriya ga tsatsa sakamakon matsin lamba |
Ta yaya za a zaɓi tsakanin bututun bakin ƙarfe marasa ɗinki 304 da 316?
304 yana da matuƙar araha a yanayi na yau da kullum, yayin da 316 ke ba da tabbacin tsaro a cikin muhallai masu tsanani na lalacewa. Lokacin zaɓi, da farko tantance sinadaran abu da yanayin matsin lamba, sannan a daidaita halayen kayan.
Menene bambance-bambancen bututun mara ɗinki na matakin abinci da na masana'antu?
Babban amfani da bakin ƙarfe mai ingancin abinci shi ne a wuraren da yake taɓa abinci, kamar a sarrafa abinci, ƙera kayan cin abinci, kwanon gasa, da sauran kayan aiki daban-daban. Ka'idojin samarwa na irin wannan bakin ƙarfe dole ne su bi ƙa'idojin tsafta da dokoki.
A gefe guda, bakin ƙarfe na masana'antu ana amfani da shi sosai a fannonin kamar injiniyan sinadarai, man fetur, na'urorin likita, da gine-gine. Manyan halayensa sune ƙarfi da juriya ga tsatsa.
Menene iyakar zafin jiki mafi girma ga bututun mara ɗinki na 310S mai jure zafi?
A cikin yanayin oksidatif, zafin aiki na dindindin zai iya kaiwa kusan 1150°C. Ƙarfin juriya ga zafin kololuwa na ɗan gajeren lokaci yana kaiwa 1200°C.
Ta yaya za a duba ko akwai tsagewa ko lahani a bututun bakin ƙarfe marasa ɗinki?
Binciken gani: Ana yin sa ne ta hanyar kallo kai tsaye, don duba ko akwai tsagewa, ramukan yashi, fitar fata, karce-karce, lanƙwashe-lanƙwashe da sauransu a saman bututun bakin ƙarfe mara tsatsa. Don wasu ƙananan lahani a saman, ana iya yin ƙarin bincike ta amfani da gilashin ƙara girma da sauran kayan aiki.
Ta yaya tabo da tsage-tsage na gama gari a saman bututun da ba su da ɗinki suke faruwa?
Karamin ramuka masu tabo ko kamar maki da ke bayyana a saman bututun ƙarfe mara walda da mara tsagi ana kiran su “peeling”. Dalilan wannan lamari sun bambanta, ciki har da lalacewar ƙwaya-ƙwaya yayin wanke da acid, yawan ƙurar oxide bayan annealing, da kuma nutsewar ƙurar oxide a saman bututun yayin da ake daidaita shi.
Menene bambance-bambancen bututun baƙin ƙarfe marasa ɗinki da ba a yi musu walda ba, waɗanda aka nade a zafi da waɗanda aka ja a sanyi?
| Aikin kwatantawa | Bututun mara ɗinki da aka nannade a zafi | bututun jan ba tare da ɗinki ba |
|---|---|---|
Zazzabi na sarrafawa | Sarrafa a zafin jiki mai yawa | Sarrafa a sanyi a yanayin ɗaki |
Samarda inganci | mafi girma | ƙasa |
| Daidaiton girma | na al'ada | mai girma |
| Daidaiton kaurin bango | na al'ada | mai girma |
| Ingancin saman | na al'ada | da ya fi dacewa |
| Kewayon ƙayyadaddun bayanai | Diamita mafi girma suna da fa'idodi da yawa | Diamita ƙanana da takamaiman ƙayyadaddun bayanai suna da fa'idodi da yawa. |
| kaurin bango | Bututun da ke da bango mai kauri suna da fa'idodi bayyanannu. | Fa'idodin bangon siriri da daidaitaccen kaurin bango sun bayyana a fili. |
| Halayyar injiniya | Yanayin aiki mai zafi | Ƙarfin na iya ƙaruwa bayan aikin sanyi. |
| Farashin ƙarshe | ƙasa | mafi girma |
| Aikace-aikace mai dacewa | Bututu, bututun matsa lamba, manyan kayan aiki | Kayan aiki masu daidaito, na'urorin hydraulic, na'urori, da sauransu |
